The Baptism of the Holy Spirit & the different types/functions of tongues

By Lewis Donovan

This and the following posts are all part of one big article I wrote on the Baptism of the Holy Spirit and the different kinds of tongues. I hope it blesses you.


The Baptism of the Holy Spirit & Tongues


The baptism of the Holy Spirit is available to ALL Christians (Acts 2:39), and is given (for many reasons) but primarily for the purpose of enduing Christians with power and supernatural ability to be effective witnesses of Christ throughout the earth (Acts 1:8). It is an ENTIRELY SEPARATE event to salvation (Acts 8:14-17 & Acts 19:1-7). Don’t misunderstand me, when you are born again you are born of Spirit (John 3:5-8), receive a breath of the Holy Spirit (John 20:22), and no one can say that Jesus is Lord except by the Holy Spirit (1 Cor 12:3), but there is an entirely separate event to salvation in which Christians are filled with the Holy Spirit (Acts 2:4). The baptism of the Holy Spirit can only be received after one has been born again, and it usually needs to be ‘asked for’ and received by faith (Lk 11:13 & Mk 11:24). The usual (and biblical) method for receiving the baptism of the Holy Spirit is through the laying on of hands (Acts 8:17, 9:17, 19:6). The biblical evidence for the baptism of the Holy Spirit in a person’s life is the ability of that Christian to pray in tongues (Acts 2:4, 10:45-46, 19:6). If you can’t pray in tongues then you have not been baptised in the Holy Spirit because the evidence of the baptism of the Holy Spirit is the ability to pray in tongues. Do not feel condemned if you cannot (currently) pray in tongues. Be excited because there is a new experience of God awaiting you that will empower you for a supernatural walk with God (Acts 1:8). You can receive it (or Him) today!

So does this mean that all Christians should pray in tongues? Yes! The baptism of the Holy Spirit carries with it the evidence of the ability to pray in tongues (Acts 2:4, 10:45-46, 19:6). And since the baptism of the Holy Spirit is available to ALL believers, the ability to pray in tongues is also available to all believers when they are baptised in the Holy Spirit.

Paul said in 1 Corinthians 14:5 I would like every one of you to speak in tongues… Paul said it would be good for and he desires that ALL Christians pray in tongues! Isn’t it great that through the baptism of the Holy Spirit all Christians can pray in tongues! In the bible, every single person who had received the baptism of the Holy Spirit could pray in tongues, and the way that the disciples could tell whether or not someone had received the baptism of the Holy Spirit was if they could pray in tongues (Acts 10:45-46). Since praying in tongues is the evidence of the baptism of the Holy Spirit and the baptism of the Holy Spirit is available to all Christians, speaking in tongues is available to all Christians. This is supported by the great commission in Mark 16:17 when Jesus says: And these signs will accompany those who believe: In my name they will drive out demons; they will speak in new tongues; Who did Jesus say would speak in tongues? Only some Christians that God chooses? Only those in Pentecostal circles? No! Believers (ie; all believers) are called to pray in tongues, and through the baptism of the Holy Spirit they can!

But doesn’t the bible say in 1 Corinthians 12:30: “Do all speak in tongues?” and the implied answer is ‘no’? Yes, but that is because there are different types of tongues and they are used in different settings and have different rules governing their use. This passage is talking about the use of the “spiritual gift of tongues” which is used publicly for the edification of other Christians (as apposed to the other types of tongues which will be discussed later on). I will discuss and prove this in detail further on.

The bible describes four main types or functions of tongues. There are two for public use and two for private use. These are in no particular order of importance. They are all important. Before we get into discussing the four types of tongues, let me show you many of the seeming contradictions between verses when tongues are discussed in the bible that have led me to believe that they are actually talking about different types of tongues.

Seeming contradictions when the bible discusses tongues:

1.1 Corinthians 14:2 says: For anyone who speaks in a tongue does not speak to men but to God. Indeed, no one understands him; he utters mysteries with his spirit. This verse said that no one understands you when you pray in tongues, but we don’t see that happening in Acts 2. In Acts 2 all the non-believers present heard and understood what the disciples were saying (in their native languages) when they were praying in tongues. Acts 2:5-6 says: Now there were staying in Jerusalem God-fearing Jews from every nation under heaven. When they heard this sound, (120 people praying in tongues at the same time) a crowd came together in bewilderment, because each one heard them speaking in his own language. The non-believers heard and understood these tongues! But 1 Cor 14:2 says that no one can understand tongues. Why is there this seeming contradiction? Because there are different types of tongues to be used in different settings with different rules governing their use.

2.1 Corinthians 14:27 says: If anyone speaks in a tongue, two—or at the most three—should speak, one at a time, and someone must interpret. This verse says that two or three at the most should pray in tongues and someone must interpret. However, there are numerous times in scripture where we see this rule broken! Acts 2:1-4 says: When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place. Suddenly a sound like the blowing of a violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. They saw what seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them. How many was ‘all of them’? According to Acts 1:15 there were one hundred and twenty of them all together! That means there were 120 believers praying in tongues at the same time and there was no interpretation! Acts 19:6-7 says: When Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied. There were about twelve men in all. In this passage we see twelve men receiving the baptism of the Holy Spirit (as a totally separate even to salvation – see context) and speaking in tongues together at the same time with no interpretation! Doesn’t this contradict 1 Corinthians 14:27? No. Because they are referring to different types/functions of tongues with different guidelines governing their usage.

3.1 Corinthians 14:22 says: Tongues, then, are a sign, not for believers but for unbelievers... So this verse says that tongues are a sign for non-believers. Let’s read 1 Corinthians 14:15 which seems to contradict this statement. 1 Corinthians 14:15 says: I would like every one of you to speak in tongues, but I would rather have you prophesy. He who prophesies is greater than one who speaks in tongues, unless he interprets, so that the church may be edified. This passage says that tongues should be interpreted for the edification of the church, but the previous passage says that tongues are a sign for (or in a sense – for the edification of) non-believers. So the first passage directed the usage of tongues towards non-believers, but the second passage directed the usage of tongues towards the church. Is the bible contradicting itself? Certainly not! It is speaking of different types or functions of tongues that have different rules and guidelines governing their usage.

The reason why there is SO MUCH confusion among Christians on the topic of tongues is because the bible speaks of many types of tongues that have different guidelines for their usage. Very few Christians understand this, so they try to throw all of the bible’s guidelines for different types of tongues onto what they believe is the one single type of tongues and they end up with confusion and mess. It’s like trying to combine all of the rules for AFL, gridiron, rugby league, and rugby union to go and play a game of AFL. It doesn’t work and you end up with mess!

Before I discuss the different types of tongues I need to lay a foundation that tongues can be in either earthly or heavenly languages. 1 Corinthians 13:1 If I speak in the tongues of men and of angels, but have not love, I am only a resounding gong or a clanging cymbal.Tongues will ALWAYS be unknown to the person who speaks it at the time they are speaking it (1 Cor 14:14), but they can either be in the languages of men (earthly languages) or the languages of angels (heavenly languages) as 1 Corinthians 13:1 suggests. Here are the four different types or functions of tongues and their guidelines:

 

PUBLIC USE:


1.Tongues as a SIGN to the non-believer


1 Corinthians 14:22 says: Tongues, then, are a sign, not for believers but for unbelievers; prophecy, however, is for believers, not for unbelievers. The AMP translation of this verse says: Thus [unknown] tongues are meant for a [supernatural] sign, not for believers but for unbelievers [on the point of believing], while prophecy (inspired preaching and teaching, interpreting the divine will and purpose) is not for unbelievers [on the point of believing] but for believers. Tongues are meant as a supernatural sign to non-Christians who are on the point of believing. The Greek word used in this verse for ‘sign’ is the word ‘semeion’ for which one of the definitions is: “of miracles and wonders by which God authenticates the men sent by him, or by which men prove that the cause they are pleading is God's.” God wants to use this form/type/function of tongues as a sign or as proof to non-believers that He is God and that the cause we are pleading is truly God’s.

We clearly see this form of tongues as a sign to non-believers in Acts chapter 2. Acts 2:4-12 says: All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them. Now there were staying in Jerusalem God-fearing Jews from every nation under heaven. When they heard this sound, a crowd came together in bewilderment, because each one heard them speaking in his own language. Utterly amazed, they asked: "Are not all these men who are speaking Galileans? Then how is it that each of us hears them in his own native language? Parthians, Medes and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya near Cyrene; visitors from Rome (both Jews and converts to Judaism Cretans and Arabs—we hear them declaring the wonders of God in our own tongues!" Amazed and perplexed, they asked one another, "What does this mean?" Verse 41 of this chapter tells us that three thousand of these people were saved that day! Notice that it was the sound of the tongues that got them to come together, and it was the fact that they all understood the tongues in their own languages that caused them to be amazed and perplexed. It was these tongues as a sign to the non-believer as described in 1 Cor 14:22 and displayed here in Acts 2 that paved the way for three thousand salvations on the day of Pentecost!

These tongues as a sign to the non-believer are always in the languages of men (earthly languages), but are not understood by the person speaking them. They NEVER require an interpretation because they are understood by the intended listener in a language the listener understands but that the speaker has never learnt. They are not used in one’s private life because they need to be heard by someone who has your attention and is listening to what you’re saying. Some people suggest that all Christians can operate in this form of tongues as they (the Christian) will and desire, because all people who received the baptism of the Holy Spirit in Acts 2 operated in this form of tongues on the day of Pentecost. I am not so sure about that because there is no other example of this form of tongues being demonstrated in scripture. We don’t see this form of tongues being operated in as much as Christians will. I would say however, that ALL Spirit baptised Christians can operate in this form of tongues IF the Spirit wills.


2.Tongues that require INTERPRETATION or the “Spiritual Gift” of tongues

The second form of tongues for public ministry is commonly referred to as the “spiritual gift of tongues”. This is the ONLY form of tongues that ALWAYS requires an interpretation. 1 Corinthians 12:28 says: And in the church God has appointed first of all apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then workers of miracles, also those having gifts of healing, those able to help others, those with gifts of administration, and those speaking in different kinds of tongues. This form of tongues which is also mentioned in verse 10 of this chapter is the form that is given in public ministry in front of the church. ALL Spirit baptised Christians can pray in the private forms of tongues, but NOT all Christians are called to operate in this public form of tongues in front of the church. Verse 29 of this chapter continues: Are all apostles? [No.] Are all prophets? [No.] Are all teachers? [No, and notice that this passage is talking about gifts that are used in public.] Do all work miracles? [No.] 30Do all have gifts of healing? [No.] Do all speak in tongues [publicly – see context]? [No.] Do all interpret? [No.] This second form of tongues is for usage in front of a church (as opposed to in front of non-Christians or in one’s personal prayer life) and not all Christians will operate in this gift.

This form of tongues will ALWAYS need to be interpreted. 1 Corinthians 14:26-28 says: ... All of these must be done for the strengthening of the church. 27If anyone speaks in a tongue, two—or at the most three—should speak, one at a time, and someone must interpret. 28If there is no interpreter, the speaker should keep quiet in the church and speak to himself and God. Firstly, there must always be an interpretation for this form of tongues! Secondly, for the sake of orderliness there should only be two or three at most who operate in this gift in a service. Thirdly, if there is no one available to interpret (an this should usually be arranged before someone begins speaking in tongues in front of an assembly), then the person should not speak in tongues in front of the assembly but should pray in tongues between himself and God (not demanding the attention of others). This is no longer speaking of the type/function of tongues that is given in front of an assembly and requires interpretation, but is now speaking of the devotional form of tongues which is between them and God and will be discussed later on. This passage makes it clear that it is okay to operate in this devotional form of tongues in a church setting, as long as you do not distract or detract from the service and you are not demanding the attention of others. (This will be discussed later).

Also, this form of tongues (unlike the previous) is always given in a heavenly language, not an earthly one. If it was given in an earthly language this form of tongues would require a translation, not an interpretation. However, that is not true. The Holy Spirit inspires a Christian to speak in a heavenly language and then another (or the same person) will give the interpretation of what was said.

 

PRIVATE USE:

3.Tongues for INTERCESSION

Before I get into this third type or function of tongues it is important to understand that it is YOU (the person) who prays in tongues, but it is the Holy Spirit who inspires you or gives you the utterance when praying in tongues. 1 Corinthians 14:2 & 14 says: For anyone who speaks in a tongue does not speak to men but to God. Indeed, no one understands him; he utters mysteries with his spirit. ... For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays, but my mind is unfruitful. Acts 2:4 says: All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them. You see, your spirit does the praying when speaking in tongues. You are praying, and you have control to start and to stop and move your mouth to speak the words, but the Holy Spirit is what gives your spirit the utterance. In other words, the Holy Spirit tells you what words and syllables and phrases to speak.

There are two forms of tongues that are operated in as YOU will, in your own private life. The first of these is the tongues for intercession. Romans 8:26-27 NLT says: And the Holy Spirit helps us in our distress. [And what is our distress?...] For we don't even know what we should pray for, nor how we should pray. [However, God has provided an answer for this problem] But the Holy Spirit prays for us with groanings that cannot be expressed in words. [or in ‘articulate speech’ as the Greek literally says]. And the Father who knows all hearts knows what the Spirit is saying, for the Spirit pleads for us believers in harmony with God's own will.

Now this passage is not talking about the Holy Spirit praying directly to the father (without us) because there is no reason for that since the Holy Spirit has perfect intimacy with the father and they are 1 with each other. This passage is talking about the Holy Spirit helping us (believers who are filled with the Spirit) to pray. Why does He need to do this? Because we don’t know everything there is to know about the lives of our brothers and sisters. We don’t always know what to pray or how to pray for them but the Holy Spirit does!

1 Corinthians 14:14 says: For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays, but my mind is unfruitful. When you pray in English you can only pray for things that you know about, because you are praying with your mind. However, the Holy Spirit can help you to intercede for others and you can pray and intercede over situations that you have absolutely no understanding about. For example you don’t know what’s happening in Iraq right now, and you don’t know about the person in China who is about to be tortured for their faith and needs prayer, but the Holy Spirit does and He can prompt you to intercede for them in tongues. How incredible! Also, if you want to intercede for a preacher or for a friend and you need help from the Holy Spirit to do that then if you ask the Holy Spirit, He will help you in your weakness to intercede for people when you don’t know how to.

As we saw previously, tongues are inspired by the Holy Spirit (Acts 2:4). The ‘groanings’ spoken of in these verses (Romans 8:26-27) are also inspired by the Holy Spirit, so these groanings are actually a form of tongues. Now, just because you happened to groan once when praying doesn’t mean that you operated in the groanings spoken of in these verses. These are supernatural groanings. People who have operated in these groanings say that they actually sounded like they were giving birth because of the extent of their groanings. The Holy Spirit inspires these groanings as a form of tongues to intercede for believers.

Also, I do not believe that the ONLY way the Holy Spirit inspires believers to intercede for other believers is in the form of groanings. I know of numerous stories of people all of a sudden feeling prompted to pray in tongues (not the groanings form) to intercede for other believers. When feeling this prompting it is important to submit to the guidance and will of the Holy Spirit. If He gives you the nudge or utterance to go into groanings then do so, and if He gives you the utterance to pray in a ‘normal’ unknown tongue then do that also. The point is that the Holy Spirit may inspire or burden you from time to time to pray in tongues to intercede for other Christians. You often know in your spirit if you are actually interceding for anyone. Remember to continue to pray in tongues until you feel the ‘release’ or the burden ‘lift’ because it is only then that the need for your intercession has been met.



4.DEVOTIONAL tongues or tongues for personal EDIFICATION

This is the most commonly used form of tongues. One of the great blessings of being filled with the Holy Spirit (which is a separate event to salvation that most often needs to be ‘asked for’ and received by faith with the laying on of hands) is the ability to pray to God in tongues on a personal level. There is no limit to how much you can do this. Jude 20 NKJV says: But you, beloved, building yourselves up on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Spirit,The Greek in this verse for ‘build yourselves up’ literally means to charge yourself. So when we pray to God in tongues we are actually building ourselves up in faith and charging ourselves like a battery. 1 Corinthians 14:4 says: He who speaks in a tongue edifies himself... When you pray in tongues between you and God you are edifying and charging yourself.

There are two main benefits of the fact that tongues are inspired by the Holy Spirit as we are told in Acts 2:4 and 1 Cor 14:14 AMP. Firstly, since tongues are inspired by the Holy Spirit that means that we can pray about things that we have no understanding or knowledge about. When praying in tongues you are aren’t praying with your mind; the Holy Spirit is giving your spirit the utterance. You are therefore able to communicate with God on His level without having to worry about the issue that your natural and soulish mind has such a little understanding of God's Word, and what’s happening in the world right now. Secondly, the prayer in tongues is absolutely 100% perfect prayer! Why? Because it’s the Holy Spirit who inspires it! (There are numerous other reasons why we should all pray in tongues, but these are just a few).

Devotional tongues do not have to be interpreted (and neither do tongues for intercession), but if God can give you the interpretation when you pray in the “spiritual gift” of tongues, there’s no reason why He can’t give the interpretation when your praying in devotional tongues.

We see this devotional form of tongues in operation many times in the Word. Acts 10:45-46 says: The circumcised believers who had come with Peter were astonished that the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on the Gentiles. For they heard them speaking in tongues and praising God. Once Cornelius and his household had received the baptism of the Holy Spirit they began to speak to God in tongues and communicate with Him on His level. Notice also that it was the ability of Cornelius and his household to pray in tongues that was the evidence to the Jewish Christians that they had been baptised in the Holy Spirit. Also, they were all praying in tongues together at the same time and there was no need for an interpretation. Why? Because it is totally fine to pray in the devotional form of tongues together with other Christians and not give an interpretation. This form of tongues does not require interpretation. As long as you do not tell other Christians to stop and listen to you, you are fine to pray in the devotional form of tongues and not give an interpretation. It’s only when you command the attention of others and pray in tongues with their attention that you are required to give an interpretation so that they can be edified also.

Acts 19:1-7 says: While Apollos was at Corinth, Paul took the road through the interior and arrived at Ephesus. There he found some disciples and asked them, "Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?"
They answered, "No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit."
So Paul asked, "Then what baptism did you receive?"
"John's baptism," they replied.

Paul said, "John's baptism was a baptism of repentance. He told the people to believe in the one coming after him, that is, in Jesus." On hearing this, they were baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus. When Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied. There were about twelve men in all. This is another example of devotional tongues being used. Notice firstly that these Ephesian disciples were saved but had not been baptised in the Holy Spirit. Why? Because they are two totally separate experiences. Secondly, they hadn’t even heard of the baptism of the Holy Spirit or that it was available to them. This seems to sound like most of today’s Christians. Thirdly, Paul laid His hands on them straight away and immediately they were baptised in the Holy Spirit and began to speak in tongues. Speaking in tongues and the baptism of the Holy Spirit go hand in hand. If you can’t speak in tongues then you haven't received the baptism of the Holy Spirit (and you can receive it now if you want), but if you have spoken in tongues then you have been baptised in the Holy Spirit. This is simply what the bible teaches!

In 1 Corinthians 14:18-19 Paul says: I thank God that I speak in tongues more than all of you. But in the church I would rather speak five intelligible words to instruct others than ten thousand words in a tongue. Paul prayed in devotional tongues a lot of the time! Paul loved it and knew the power of it in his private life. However, Paul understood that there is no point in standing up in church and saying “Everyone listen to me because I am going to pray in my devotional tongue” (without giving an interpretation), because it only benefits, builds up, charges and edifies you. Please understand that there is nothing wrong with praying in your devotional tongue in a public setting eg; in a prayer meeting or in worship in church, as long as you don’t demand the attention of others or interrupt the service. It is only when you demand the attention of others and pray in tongues without giving an interpretation that you are in the wrong because you have wasted other people’s time. If they are going to stop and listen to you, then they need to be edified by receiving the interpretation of what you prayed. However, let me restate that you should feel free to pray in devotional tongues in prayer meetings and church and worship as long as you don’t demand everyone listen to you, and you aren’t interrupting the service.


Conclusion

When a Christian receives the baptism of the Holy Spirit (which is available to all and can be received right NOW by faith) they are able to pray in tongues. There are two public forms of tongues, and two private. The first public form of tongues is always directed towards non-believers and the second type is always directed towards Christians. Not all Christians will operate in these public forms of tongues. They are operated in as the Spirit wills. There are also two private forms of tongues. These private tongues are the tongues for intercession and the tongues for one’s devotional life. All Spirit baptised Christians can operate in these forms of tongues as THEY will. The public tongues are operated in as the SPIRIT wills (and thus not all believers will operate in them), but the private forms of tongues are operated in as YOU will (because the Holy Spirit always wants them to be in operation in your life). Devotional tongues are an incredible blessing and enable you to pray perfectly and communicate with God on His level. You can use devotional tongues throughout your personal prayer life and in prayer meetings and worship in church as long as you do not demand the attention of others and interrupt the service.

 

© Lewis Donovan 2005. All rights reserved. This article may be printed and distributed, but not sold. Where it is printed; "© Lewis Donovan 2005. All rights reserved." must appear on the article.

If this article has helped you and you want to know more, contact the author at lewis.donovan@hotmail.com